OBJECTIVE(S):
1. To give the child a means of counting other than one-by-one.
2. Learn to count in bases other than ten.
3. Preparation for multiplication skill.
4. Development of order, independence, concentration and coordination.
5. Development of a mathematical mind.
6. To get an experience of squaring and cubing in relation of the square of a number to the squares of other numbers and of the cube of a number to the cubes of other numbers.
7. To understand the relation of a square of a number to the squares of other numbers and the cube of a number to the cubes of other numbers.
8. Indirect preparation for multiplication e.g. 5x2=10, etc.
MATERIALS:
1. Chains of 1 in red with corresponding labels in red marked 1.
2. Chains of 2 in green with corresponding labels in green marked 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8.
3. Chains of 3 in pink with corresponding labels in pink marked 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 up to 27.
4. Chains of 4 in yellow with corresponding labels in yellow marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 up to 64.
5. Chains of 5 in light blue with corresponding labels in light blue marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 12 up to 125.
6. Chains of 6 in purple with corresponding labels in purple marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 12, 18 up to 216.
7. Chains of 7 in white with corresponding labels in white marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 21 up to 343.
8. Chains of 8 in brown with corresponding labels in brown marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 16, 24 up to 512.
9. Chains of 9 in dark blue with corresponding labels in dark blue marked 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 18, 27, 36 up to 729.
10. 1 pointer
11. 1 large runner or paper runner
PRESENTATION:
1. Carry the long chains in the same way as the thousand chain.
2. Lay the chain out on a long mat as shown.
3. Gently pull one end of the chain until it is stretched out to its full length down the mat.
4. Bring the squares, cube, and labels to the mat.
5. Slowly fold the chain into 5-squares and draw your child to notice how it looks like a 5-square.
6. Set the squares from the tray on top to show that they are the same and count how many 5-squares there are.
7. Stack the squares and compare to the cube by placing the cube next to it or on top of it to show that they are the same.
8. Straighten out the 5 cube chain.
9. Sort the labels into columns on the tray.
10. Count the beads and lay out labels as you go: “1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25…” Only the first segment in the chain has a label for each bead, the rest only have a label for the last bead in each segment.
11. When you reach to 25, place the arrow tag as well as a square next to the 25th bead. Repeat this for every 25 (even at the 125th bead)
12. At the 125th bead, place the cube.
13. Walk along the length of the chain from the beginning and read the labels.
14. Ask your child how many he had at the end: 125
15. Then practice counting backwards: 125, 120, 115, 110, 105, 100, 95, 90, 85, 80, 75, 70, 65, 60, 55, 50, 45, 40, 35, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1.
VIDEO DEMONSTRATION:
NOTE:
The child does not need to be shown each of the chains.
REFERENCES:
http://www.montessorialbum.com/montessori/index.php?title=Long_Chains
http://www.infomontessori.com/mathematics/skip-and-counting-skip-counting.htm
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
4-Time-table
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