Monday 26 January 2015

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Montessori Activity: Division Board - Static Division (Without Remainder)


AGE: 5.5 years (after the child is familiar with the Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication Stamp Game)

OBJECTIVE(S):

To illustrate the concept of division in a concrete and easy to understand way.

MATERIALS:

1. Division Board
2. Division worksheet
3. Pencil and eraser
4. 1 mat (optional)

PRESENTATION:

1. Read the question i.e. 16 ÷ 4 = ?

2. Pretend that the skittles represent people and the beads represent green apples.

3. Explain that 16 is called the dividend [红利] and it represents the total number of "apples" to be shared.

4. Explain that 4 is called the divisor [除数] and it represents the number of people to share the apples equally.

5. Explain that you are trying to find out how many "apples" each "person" will have, and the answer to this is called the quotient [商数].

6. Count out 16 beads (representing the "apples") and put them into a small bowl.

7. Place 4 skittles (you can also use LEGO figurines) across the top of the board, counting as you go along, and say, "these are people to share those apples in the bowl."

8. Distribute the beads ("apples") from the bowl to each skittle one at a time until there are no beads remaining in the bowl.

9.  Ask your child to count the beads ("apples") under each skittle ("person") and your child should answer 4. Explain that this is the quotient and it means that each person will get 4 "apples".

10. Ask your child to repeat the question, count and write the answer 4 on the paper i.e. 16 ÷ 4 = 4.

11. Invite your child to try the next question.

TIPS:

Start with an easy question first i.e. 8 ÷ 2.

VIDEO DEMONSTRATION:


ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:

Over breakfast this morning, Daddy practised division with our Little FECS (5Y10M2D) using LEGO figurines and 4-in-a-line game chips. J is grasping the concept well, but still needed practice counting out the answer. J asked how much the figurines are wearing funny costume. We explained that it was because they are celebrating "Fastelavn" - a Danish tradition once a year, whereby the children turned up in kindergarten in fancy-dress.

Substituting with LEGO

Montessori Album has a fantastic idea - if you don't have this Montessori materials, not to worry, you can use LEGO man and LEGO - see here:

http://www.montessorialbum.com/montessori/index.php?title=Division_Board

REFERENCES:

http://www.montessorialbum.com/montessori/index.php?title=Division_Board
http://www.infomontessori.com/mathematics/tables-of-arithmetic-unit-division-board.htm
Shu-Chen Jenny Yen's On-line Montessori Album

The division board is available from Amazon:

 

0. Bring the tray over and set up materials as shown above

1. Read the question i.e. 16 ÷ 4 = ?
2. Pretend that the skittles represent people and the beads represent green apples.
3. Explain that 16 is called the dividend and it represents the total number of "apples" to be shared.
4. Explain that 4 is called the divisor and it represents the number of "people" to share the "apples" equally.
5. Explain that you are trying to find out how many "apples" each "person" will have, and the answer to this is called the quotient.

6. Count out 16 beads (representing the "apples") and put them into a small bowl.

7. Place 4 skittles (you can also use LEGO figurines) across the top of the board, counting as you go along, and say, "these are people to share those apples in the bowl."

8. Distribute the beads ("apples") from the bowl to each skittle one at a time until there are no beads remaining in the bowl.



8.  Ask your child to count the beads ("apples") under each skittle ("person") and your child should answer 4. Explain that this is the quotient and it means that each person will get 4 "apples".


10. Ask your child to repeat the question, count and write the answer 4 on the paper i.e. 16 ÷ 4 = 4.
11. Invite your child to try the next question.

You can also use LEGO figures and LEGO bricks in place of the skittles and beads respectively.

If you don't have the division board, don't worry, but keep it simple like the above placing the LEGO bricks directly on the table below each LEGO figure.

If you have the 4-in-a-line game at home, you can also use its chips in place of the beads or...

any other counters such as smileys in place of the beads :-)

You can also use coins, teaching how to share money equally among the LEGO figures.


Here are more pictures of Division using LEGO figures and 4-in-a-line chips

26 Jan 2015 (5Y10M21D) - J trying out the division board with LEGO and 4-in-a-line game chips with Daddy over breakfast this morning





11 Aug 2015 (6Y5M6D) - Division without remainder

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